Developing and implementing strong water conservation practices is an essential part of sustainable development. Conserving water at the municipal level sets an example for residents, helps decrease capital expenditure for water delivery and wastewater treatment systems and cuts energy costs.

Traditionally, municipal water management has focused on providing sufficient supply to meet the growing demand. In today's world, the emphasis is on conservation, and every gallon saved is one gallon less to be delivered, with commensurate savings across the board.

Innovative municipal water conservation programs may include:

•  Lining and covering reservoirs to limit evaporation
• The use of water-saving fire equipment
• The installation of a closed-loop water reclamation system for irrigation purposes
• Metering for leak detection and accurate billing
• Organic turf and landscape programs that require reduced water use
• Educational programs for employees and managers
• Creation and distribution of public outreach materials

Resources:

The Texas Water Conservation Implementation Task Force has produced a very detailed and comprehensive Best Management Practices Guide which is available online.

The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency provides both direct and indirect assistance in the area of municipal wastewater treatment technologies, including technical assistance for small communities. More information is at www.epa.gov.